A Decision-Making Capability Optimization Scheme of Control Combination and PID Controller Parameters for Bivariate Fertilizer Applicator Improved by Using EDEM

The fertilization rate is adjusted through the regulation of opening length and rotational speed for bivariate fertilizer applicators. It essential to optimally determine control combination according target further improve performance operation in precision agriculture. In this study, a novel decision-making capability optimization scheme PID controller parameters proposed feasibility practicability variable Firstly, EDEM adopted acquire minimum allowable proper gap between spiral blades discharge cavity wall, then calibration experiments are implemented establish fitting model using polynomial fitting. Secondly, modified sparrow search algorithm (SSA) with chaotic operator mutation section DE used optimize utilizing accuracy, uniformity, adjustment time as evaluation criteria. Moreover, tent mapping bat (TBA) applied tune enhancing accuracy response fertilization-rate system. Compared based on (BA), traditional controller, fuzzy rise improved by TBA decreases 0.018 s, 0.09 0.038 respectively, average steady-state deviation that drops 0.02 kg ha−1, 1.45 0.19 respectively. addition, under condition same compared SSA, GA, MOEA/D-DE, from 1.9%, 2.5%, 3.5% 1.8%, uniformity 0.52% 0.48% 0.47%, declines 0.99 1.48 1.34 s 0.5 s. can be concluded method study performs better terms but exhibits no apparent effect improvement uniformity.